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A '''spaceport''' or '''cosmodrome''' (Russian: ''космодром'') is a site for launching (or receiving) [[spacecraft]], by analogy with seaport for ships or airport for aircraft. The word ''spaceport'', and even more so ''cosmodrome'', has traditionally been used for sites capable of launching spacecraft into [[orbit]] around Earth or on interplanetary trajectories. However, rocket launch sites for purely [[sub-orbital]] flights are sometimes called spaceports, as in recent years new and proposed sites for suborbital human flights have been frequently referred to or named 'spaceports'.  
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A spaceport or cosmodrome (Russian: космодром) is a site for launching (or receiving) spacecraft, by analogy with seaport for ships or airport for aircraft. The word spaceport, and even more so cosmodrome, has traditionally been used for sites capable of launching spacecraft into orbit around Earth or on interplanetary trajectories. However, rocket launch sites for purely sub-orbital flights are sometimes called spaceports, as in recent years new and proposed sites for suborbital human flights have been frequently referred to or named 'spaceports'. Space stations and proposed future bases on the moon are sometimes called spaceports, in particular if intended as a base for further journeys.[1]
 
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The term rocket launch site is used for any facility from which rockets are launched. It may contain one or more launch pads or suitable sites to mount a transportable launch pad. It is typically surrounded by a large safety area, often called a rocket range or missile range. The range includes the area over which launched rockets are expected to fly, and within which some components of the rockets may land. Tracking stations are sometimes located in the range to assess the progress of the launches.[2]
The term '''rocket launch site''' is used for any facility from which rockets are launched. It may contain one or more [[launch pad]]s or suitable sites to mount a transportable launch pad. It is typically surrounded by a large safety area, often called a '''rocket range''' or '''missile range'''. The range includes the area over which launched rockets are expected to fly, and within which some components of the rockets may land. Tracking stations are sometimes located in the range to assess the progress of the launches.
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Major spaceports often include more than one launch complex, which can be rocket launch sites adapted for different types of launch vehicles. (These sites can be well-separated for safety reasons.) For launch vehicles with liquid propellant, suitable storage facilities and, in some cases, production facilities are necessary. On-site processing facilities for solid propellants are also common.
 
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A spaceport may also include runways for takeoff and landing of aircraft to support spaceport operations, or to enable support of HTHL or HTVL winged launch vehicles.
Major spaceports often include more than one '''launch complex''', which can be rocket launch sites adapted for different types of [[launch vehicle]]s. (These sites can be well-separated for safety reasons.) For launch vehicles with liquid propellant, suitable storage facilities and, in some cases, production facilities are necessary. On-site processing facilities for solid propellants are also common.
 
 
 
A spaceport may also include [[runway]]s for takeoff and landing of aircraft to support spaceport operations, or to enable support of [[HTHL]] or [[HTVL]] winged launch vehicles.
 
 
 
==Spaceports with achieved human or satellite launches==
 
 
 
{|class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
 
|colspan="4"|'''Spaceports'''
 
|-
 
|'''Operator'''||'''Location'''||'''Spaceport'''||'''Longitude'''||'''Latitude'''
 
|-
 
|Australia||Australia||[[w:RAAF Woomera Range Comlex|RAAF Woomera Range Complex]]||136°31'56" E||30°57'19" S
 
|-
 
|rowspan="3"|China||rowspan="3"|China||[[w:Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center|Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center]]||100°17'54" E||40°57'38" N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center|Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center]]||111°36'29" E||38°50'57" N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Xichang Satellite Launch Center|Xichang Satellite Launch Center]]||102°1'35.6" E||28°14'45.66" N
 
|-
 
|rowspan="2"|France||Algeria||[[w:Hamaguir|Hammaguir]]||3°2' W||30°54' N
 
|-
 
|Guiana||[[w:Guiana Space Centre|Guiana Space Centre (Kourou)]]||52°46'25" W||5°13'20" N
 
|-
 
|India||India||[[w:Satish Dhawan Space Centre|Satish Dhawan Space Centre]]||80°13'49.53" E||13°43'11.78" N
 
|-
 
|Iran||Iran||[[w:Semnan Space Center|Semnan Space Center]]||53°55'20" E||35°14'5" N
 
|-
 
|Israel||Israel||[[w:Palmachim Airbase|Palmachim Airbase]]||34°41'26" E||31°53'52" N
 
|-
 
|Italy||Kenya||[[w:Broglio Space Center|Broglio Space Center and<br>San Marco Platform]]||40°12'45" E||2°56'18" S
 
|-
 
|rowspan="2"|Japan||rowspan="2"|Japan||[[w:Tanegashima Space Center|Tanegashima Space Center]]||130°58'12" E||30°24' N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Uchinoura Space Center|Uchinoura Space Center]]||131°4'55" E||31°15'7" N
 
|-
 
|North Korea||North Korea||[[w:Sohae Satellite Launching Station|Sohae Satellite Launching Station]]||124°42'18" E||39°39'36" N
 
|-
 
|rowspan="6"|Russia||Kazakhstan||[[w:Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur Cosmodrome]]||63°18'18" E||45°57'54" N
 
|-
 
|rowspan="5"|Russia||[[w:Kapustin Yar (air base)|Kapustin Yar]]||45°43'54 E||48°40'4" N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Plesetsk Cosmodrome|Plesetsk Cosmodrome]]||40°34'40" E||62°55'32" N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Svobodny Cosmodrome|Svobodny Cosmodrome]]||128° E||51°42' N
 
|-
 
|[[w:White Sea|White Sea]]||37°30' E||65°30' N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Dombarovsky Air Base|Dombarovsky Air Base (Yasny)]]||59°50'32" E||51°5'38" N
 
|-
 
|South Korea||South Korea||[[w:Naro Space Center|Naro Space Center]]||127°32'6" E||34°25'55" N
 
|-
 
|rowspan="8"|United States||Marshall Islands||[[w:Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site|Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile<br>Defense Test Site (Kwajalein)]]||167°44' E||8°43' N
 
|-
 
|rowspan="7"|United States||[[w:Cape Canaveral Space Force Station|Cape Canaveral Space Force Station]]||80°34'40" W||28°29'20" N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy Space Center]]||80°39'3" W||28°31'27" N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport|Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport]]||75°28'41" W||37°50'36" N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Odyssey (launch platform)|Odyssey (mobile launch platform)]]||||
 
|-
 
|[[w:Pacific Spaceport Complex - Alaska|Pacific Spaceport Complex (Kodiak)]]||152°20'16" W||57°26'9" N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Vandenberg Space Force Base|Vandenberg Space Force Base]]||120°34'5" W||34°43'58" N
 
|-
 
|[[w:Wallops Flight Facility|Wallops Flight Facility]]||75°27'26" W||37°56'19" N
 
|}
 
 
 
== See also ==
 
[[Earth spaceports in Orbiter2016]]
 
 
 
[[Category: Articles]]
 
[[Category:Real spaceports]]
 

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