https://www.orbiterwiki.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Mark+Grant&feedformat=atomOrbiterWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T20:20:41ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.35.2https://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Talk:Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=9402Talk:Project Apollo for Orbiter2007-12-16T22:41:20Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Are there sources for military LM missions? */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Naming==<br />
<br />
I'm not sure whether the main page should be NASSP with a redirect from 'Project Apollo for Orbiter', or the other way around. For the moment I've left this page as NASSP and added the redirect. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 06:20, 16 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
<br />
: I see it's been moved, probably a good idea :). [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 04:22, 23 September 2006 (MSD)<br />
<br />
::I just thought if you plan to go for "Project Apollo for Orbiter '''1.0'''", this brand dominates over the earlier NASSP brand. If i am wrong, just tell me. I hope the redirects don't confuse any new users who heard of NASSP, if the project is really going for the new name, some more advertizement might be wise. --[[User:Urwumpe|Urwumpe]] 05:26, 23 September 2006 (MSD)<br />
<br />
== Saturn 1B ==<br />
<br />
Text orginally said the Saturn 1B was used for Apollo 11. Changed it to read Apollo 7<br />
<br />
== NASSP 5 ==<br />
<br />
Done about as much as I can for the moment :). If anyone has relevant NASSP 5.x screenshots (e.g. Skylab), feel free to add them, I spent a while playing with config files and scenario files but couldn't get it to work on Orbiter 2006. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 18:01, 19 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
:Great job! Would you also like to create a [[NASSP/precis]] and add it to [[OrbiterWiki:Random addon]] so that it can be displayed on the main page? See [[DeltaGliderIII/precis]] for an example. --[[User:RaMan|RaMan]] 01:05, 20 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
:: OK, I've done a very basic version. I'm not quite sure what I need to do to add it to the random addon system. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 02:55, 20 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
<br />
==Are there sources for military LM missions?==<br />
<br />
Hi,<br />
<br />
I am particularly intrigued by planned usage of LM for damaging soviet satellites and to lighten up Vietnamese jungle. Can you cite the sources for it pls?<br />
<br />
And, what a mission profile would be? (a) launch the full CSM+LM+3rd_Saturn_stage for the first satellite, then 3rd Saturn burn for one or few more, then an excursion in a LM for yet more satellites? What a total delta-V of that mission would be? How many satellites could a single mission disable?<br />
<br />
Piotr<br />
<br />
::I think its related to the '''Apollo Applications Program (AAP)''', which initially planned to develop also the Skylab ''Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM)'' based on a modified LM ascent stage, but didn't realize this plan for Skylab, when it was clear that it was going to be launched as a dry workshop with a Saturn V. I have not found a NASA document describing it, but it sounds at least plausible for the '''AAP''' context.But it could also have been just a political hoax. <br />
<br />
::Assuming the already pretty huge maneuver budget of the LM it could at least deal with up to 5 coplanar satellites before having to return to the CSM (but such constellations did not exist until the 1980s). When it is modified and launched with a higher propellant mass (instead of the ascent stage), it could also do some minor plane changes in high earth orbits. Yes, that means that it was not economically at all. maybe a reason why this concept never even left the proposal state. Similar are the mirror concepts - too expensive compared to other hardware --[[User:Urwumpe|Urwumpe]] 00:52, 24 April 2007 (MSD)<br />
<br />
: I think it would probably have used a Saturn 1b, or possibly a Saturn INT-20. With a cut-down SM (e.g. greatly reduced fuel tanks as they only needed a small amount of fuel for re-entry) they could probably launch a LEM on a Saturn 1b, if not they certainly could on an INT-20. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 01:41, 17 December 2007 (MSK)</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Free_Compiler_Setup&diff=5971Free Compiler Setup2006-10-07T02:00:55Z<p>Mark Grant: /* C++ language change */ - clarified the fact that this is a compiler bug, not a C++ standard change.</p>
<hr />
<div>This page documents the travails and heartache necessary to get the MSVC++ 2005 Express Edition to compile Orbiter projects. <br />
<br />
== Requirements ==<br />
=== Get the Compiler ===<br />
<br />
Go to the [http://msdn.microsoft.com/vstudio/express/visualc/download/ Microsoft download center] and get the compiler. <br />
<br />
Tell the program you are agreeing to its pernicious license agreement, but do it with your fingers crossed.<br />
<br />
Get the Graphical IDE, but not MSDN or SQL stuff.<br />
<br />
=== Get Orbiter and the SDK ===<br />
<br />
Get Orbiter and the OrbiterSDK from [http://www.orbitersim.com/ Orbitersim.com] and unpack it. <br />
<br />
For the latest version of Orbiter, you need the following files:<br />
<br />
#Orbiter Base (060504)<br />
#Orbiter SDK (060504)<br />
<br />
For the older Orbiter 05 version, you need at least 4 files:<br />
<br />
#Orbiter Base (050116)<br />
#Orbiter SDK (050116)<br />
#Orbiter Base Patch (050216)<br />
#Orbiter SDK Patch (050216)<br />
<br />
Unpack all these files into the same folder, in order. A good choice is <tt>C:\Orbiter</tt>. This document assumes you use this path, from now on. <br />
<br />
When installing the patches, it will if it is ok to replace a file. Say ''yes to all''.<br />
<br />
=== Get the Windows SDK ===<br />
<br />
You need the SDK to get <tt>windows.h</tt> and its associated files.<br />
<br />
Go to [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=A55B6B43-E24F-4EA3-A93E-40C0EC4F68E5&displaylang=en here] to get the Windows Platform SDK. It says it is the Windows 2003 Server SDK but it includes what we want. (Note that you can now download the SDK rather than running the installer directly from your Windows machine.) Run the installer and uncheck everything but what is shown below.<br />
<br />
[[Image:SDKInstall1.png]]<br />
<br />
== Setting up a project ==<br />
<br />
VC++ 2003 files are not perfectly compatible with VC++ 2005, and the non-free version is not perfectly compatible with the free version. There are several changes that you need to make to the project to get it to compile. Fortunately, they are small, and the same for all projects.<br />
<br />
We will modify the ShuttlePB project to work with the VC++2005. Start VC++, and open the project file <tt>OrbiterSDK\samples\ShuttlePB\ShuttlePB.dsw</tt>.<br />
<br />
=== Configuration ===<br />
<br />
At the top, immediately under the menu bar, change the Configuration to ''Release''.<br />
<br />
[[Image:SDKInstall2.png]]<br />
<br />
=== Include path ===<br />
<br />
Add the SDK include path for both the Platform SDK and the Orbiter SDK to the project include path. The Platform SDK installs itself by default to <tt>C:\Program Files\Microsoft Platform SDK</tt> so add the path <tt>C:\Program Files\Microsoft Platform SDK\Include</tt>. Orbiter can be installed anywhere, but if you unpacked it to <tt>C:\Orbiter</tt>, the correct path is <tt>C:\Orbiter\Orbitersdk\include</tt>. Or, you can have it be a relative path, like <tt>..\..\include</tt> (This number of ..\ is correct for ShuttlePB, check for the right number for anyplace else)<br />
<br />
[[Image:SDKInstall3.png]]<br />
<br />
=== Library path ===<br />
<br />
Add the SDK library path for both the Platform SDK and the Orbiter SDK to the linker library path. The Platform SDK path default is <tt>C:\Program Files\Microsoft Platform SDK\lib</tt>. The Orbiter SDK default is <tt>C:\Orbiter\Orbitersdk\lib</tt><br />
<br />
[[Image:SDKInstall5.png]]<br />
<br />
=== C++ language change ===<br />
<br />
There are a few important changs between code for Visual C++ 2005 and earlier versions. Fortunately, only small modfiications to the code are required to compensate for them. <br />
<br />
First, load OrbiterAPI.h and change the reference to <tt><fstream.h></tt> to <tt><fstream></tt> so it will find the renamed header file correctly.<br />
<br />
If you were to try to build the project after making that change, it would still fail on line 43 of <tt>ShuttlePB.cpp</tt>. <br />
<br />
MSVC++ 2005 fixes a long-standing Visual C++ bug relating to the scope of variables defined in for() loops, and some code has previously relied on that bug to compile: worse than that, correct C++ code following the standard which defined a variable of the same name in two for() loops would not compile! In this case, simply change the function as shown:<br />
<br />
// Calculate lift coefficient [Cl] as a function of aoa (angle of attack) over -Pi ... Pi<br />
// Implemented here as a piecewise linear function<br />
double LiftCoeff (double aoa)<br />
{<br />
const int nlift = 9;<br />
static const double AOA[nlift] = {-180*RAD,-60*RAD,-30*RAD,-1*RAD,15*RAD,20*RAD,25*RAD,60*RAD,180*RAD};<br />
static const double CL[nlift] = { 0, 0, -0.1, 0, 0.2, 0.25, 0.2, 0, 0};<br />
static const double SCL[nlift] = {(CL[1]-CL[0])/(AOA[1]-AOA[0]), (CL[2]-CL[1])/(AOA[2]-AOA[1]),<br />
(CL[3]-CL[2])/(AOA[3]-AOA[2]), (CL[4]-CL[3])/(AOA[4]-AOA[3]),<br />
(CL[5]-CL[4])/(AOA[5]-AOA[4]), (CL[6]-CL[5])/(AOA[6]-AOA[5]), <br />
(CL[7]-CL[6])/(AOA[7]-AOA[6]), (CL[8]-CL[7])/(AOA[8]-AOA[7])};<br />
<strike>for (int i = 0; i < nlift-1 && AOA[i+1] < aoa; i++);</strike><br />
'''int i;'''<br />
'''for (i = 0; i < nlift-1 && AOA[i+1] < aoa; i++);'''<br />
return CL[i] + (aoa-AOA[i])*SCL[i];<br />
}<br />
<br />
The exact problem here is that in older versions, the variable <tt>i</tt> in the one-line for statement <tt>for(int i=0</tt>... incorrectly has scope over its entire block, in this case the entire function. In VC++2005, <tt>i</tt> correctly has scope only over the for statement in which it is defined. Other projects may break in the compile phase for similar reasons.<br />
<br />
Note that to allow backwards compatibility it's best to always define a for() loop variable outside the loop in this manner, even when no code tries to access the variable outside the loop. Otherwise, if, for example, you include two for() loops in the same function which both define <tt>int i</tt> as their loop variable, it will compile in VC++2005 but fail to compile in older versions.<br />
<br />
There is an option in the project compiler settings window which changes this particular standard, but the code change makes the code clearer and more readable, and, more importantly, it's now correct C++ code according to the C++ standard. I have not tested if the compiler setting works.<br />
<br />
=== Adding and Removing libraries ===<br />
<br />
Compiling a vessel requires the Windows SDK library's <tt>kernel32.lib</tt>,<tt>user32.lib</tt> and <tt>gdi32.lib</tt>. These are not linked by default, so you have to add them to the "Additional Dependencies" line.<br />
<br />
If ODBC library is specified you may safely remove it from the link options on the "Additional Dependencies" line. Also, by default, the project tries to link against the library <tt>msvcirt.lib</tt> which is not included in the free VC++2005 download, or the SDK download. We can easily get rid of this also. Add this library to the "Ignore specific library" line. <br />
<br />
Edit the project properties, and make the changes as shown below:<br />
<br />
[[Image:SDKInstall4.png]]<br />
<br />
== Compiling the addon ==<br />
<br />
Use the menu option Build/Build ShuttlePB to compile. It should now compile cleanly, no errors or warnings. The DLL will be in <tt>C:\Orbiter\Modules\ShuttlePB.dll</tt>. If you are making an MFD or plugin, you will want those to compile into the <tt>C:\Orbiter\Modules\Plugin</tt> folder. If you go look up this module, it should have the current time, and be accompanied by a .exp and a .lib file, both of which have the current date on them. Load any scenario which uses ShuttlePB and fly it normally.<br />
<br />
== To Do ==<br />
<br />
*<strike>Check if this compiles MFDs</strike> '''With the addition of <tt>user32.lib</tt> and <tt>gdi32.lib</tt> as described above, this works.'''<br />
*Check if this compiles vessels with panels<br />
<br />
{{HasPrecis}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Tutorials]][[Category:Addon tutorials]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Talk:Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5920Talk:Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-09-23T00:22:53Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Naming */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Naming==<br />
<br />
I'm not sure whether the main page should be NASSP with a redirect from 'Project Apollo for Orbiter', or the other way around. For the moment I've left this page as NASSP and added the redirect. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 06:20, 16 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
<br />
: I see it's been moved, probably a good idea :). [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 04:22, 23 September 2006 (MSD)<br />
<br />
== Saturn 1B ==<br />
<br />
Text orginally said the Saturn 1B was used for Apollo 11. Changed it to read Apollo 7<br />
<br />
== NASSP 5 ==<br />
<br />
Done about as much as I can for the moment :). If anyone has relevant NASSP 5.x screenshots (e.g. Skylab), feel free to add them, I spent a while playing with config files and scenario files but couldn't get it to work on Orbiter 2006. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 18:01, 19 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
:Great job! Would you also like to create a [[NASSP/precis]] and add it to [[OrbiterWiki:Random addon]] so that it can be displayed on the main page? See [[DeltaGliderIII/precis]] for an example. --[[User:RaMan|RaMan]] 01:05, 20 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
:: OK, I've done a very basic version. I'm not quite sure what I need to do to add it to the random addon system. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 02:55, 20 August 2006 (MSD)</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5897Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-09-22T22:48:45Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Supported Spacecraft */ - name clarification.</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
Versions prior to 3.0 seem to be unavailable on the web. If anyone has a copy and can update this and/or add screenshots, please do so, or at least let us know what the differences are.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
Or, more accurately, 'Project Apollo for Orbiter 1.0'.<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated Virtual AGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
Project Apollo for Orbiter 1.0/NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manned_Venus_Flyby Wikipedia] has some more information.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
See the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_Escape_Systems Wikipedia article] for more information.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B, -C and Nova designs, possibly including the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches, or the single launch putting the entire CSM onto the Moon using the massive [http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/saturnc8.htm Saturn C-8] booster.<br />
<br />
For more information see, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Saturn-C family] and [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/nova.htm Nova family] at Astronautix.com.<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added. NASSP 5.x screenshots are currently missing as it won't run as released under Orbiter 2006.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5896Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-09-22T22:48:12Z<p>Mark Grant: /* NASSP 7 (beta) */ - name elaboration</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
Versions prior to 3.0 seem to be unavailable on the web. If anyone has a copy and can update this and/or add screenshots, please do so, or at least let us know what the differences are.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
Or, more accurately, 'Project Apollo for Orbiter 1.0'.<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated Virtual AGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manned_Venus_Flyby Wikipedia] has some more information.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
See the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_Escape_Systems Wikipedia article] for more information.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B, -C and Nova designs, possibly including the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches, or the single launch putting the entire CSM onto the Moon using the massive [http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/saturnc8.htm Saturn C-8] booster.<br />
<br />
For more information see, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Saturn-C family] and [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/nova.htm Nova family] at Astronautix.com.<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added. NASSP 5.x screenshots are currently missing as it won't run as released under Orbiter 2006.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5742Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-25T15:51:50Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Apollo to Venus */ - wikipedia link</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
Versions prior to 3.0 seem to be unavailable on the web. If anyone has a copy and can update this and/or add screenshots, please do so, or at least let us know what the differences are.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manned_Venus_Flyby Wikipedia] has some more information.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
See the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_Escape_Systems Wikipedia article] for more information.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B, -C and Nova designs, possibly including the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches, or the single launch putting the entire CSM onto the Moon using the massive [http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/saturnc8.htm Saturn C-8] booster.<br />
<br />
For more information see, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Saturn-C family] and [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/nova.htm Nova family] at Astronautix.com.<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added. NASSP 5.x screenshots are currently missing as it won't run as released under Orbiter 2006.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5741Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-25T15:50:47Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System */ - wikipedia link</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
Versions prior to 3.0 seem to be unavailable on the web. If anyone has a copy and can update this and/or add screenshots, please do so, or at least let us know what the differences are.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
See the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_Escape_Systems Wikipedia article] for more information.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B, -C and Nova designs, possibly including the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches, or the single launch putting the entire CSM onto the Moon using the massive [http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/saturnc8.htm Saturn C-8] booster.<br />
<br />
For more information see, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Saturn-C family] and [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/nova.htm Nova family] at Astronautix.com.<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added. NASSP 5.x screenshots are currently missing as it won't run as released under Orbiter 2006.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=OrbiterWiki:Random_add-on&diff=5711OrbiterWiki:Random add-on2006-08-20T00:08:57Z<p>Mark Grant: Is this what I need to do to add it to the list?</p>
<hr />
<div><noinclude><br />
Random addons displayed on the Main Page are selected from the following list. More popular addons should be given more chance to be visible, so each user is allowed to nominate their list of addons worthy of being on the main page. Please obey the rules or your nominations will be removed.<br />
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==List==<br />
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{|<br />
|-<br />
|{{:Ariane 5/precis}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{:DeltaGliderIII/precis}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{:OMB/precis}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{:NASSP/precis}}<br />
|}<br />
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==Example==<br />
Below is an example of a random addon generated by the list:<br />
</noinclude><br />
<choose><br />
<br />
<!--A list of all addons with precis (to ensure they appear at least occasionally)--><br />
<option>{{:DeltaGliderIII/precis}}</option><br />
<option>{{:Ariane 5/precis}}</option><br />
<option>{{:OMB/precis}}</option><br />
<br />
<!--User:RaMan--><br />
<option>{{:DeltaGliderIII/precis}}</option><br />
<option>{{:Ariane 5/precis}}</option><br />
<br />
<!--User:Timwi--><br />
<option>{{:DeltaGliderIII/precis}}</option><br />
<option>{{:Ariane 5/precis}}</option><br />
<option>{{:OMB/precis}}</option><br />
<br />
<!--User:Mark Grant--><br />
<option>{{:NASSP/precis}}</option><br />
<br />
</choose></div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=User_talk:Mark_Grant&diff=5710User talk:Mark Grant2006-08-19T23:21:05Z<p>Mark Grant: Created</p>
<hr />
<div>Got tired of seeing the red link there, so I created this page :). [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 03:21, 20 August 2006 (MSD)</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Talk:Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5709Talk:Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-19T22:57:00Z<p>Mark Grant: /* NASSP 5 */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Naming==<br />
<br />
I'm not sure whether the main page should be NASSP with a redirect from 'Project Apollo for Orbiter', or the other way around. For the moment I've left this page as NASSP and added the redirect. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 06:20, 16 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
<br />
== Saturn 1B ==<br />
<br />
Text orginally said the Saturn 1B was used for Apollo 11. Changed it to read Apollo 7<br />
<br />
== NASSP 5 ==<br />
<br />
Done about as much as I can for the moment :). If anyone has relevant NASSP 5.x screenshots (e.g. Skylab), feel free to add them, I spent a while playing with config files and scenario files but couldn't get it to work on Orbiter 2006. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 18:01, 19 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
:Great job! Would you also like to create a [[NASSP/precis]] and add it to [[OrbiterWiki:Random addon]] so that it can be displayed on the main page? See [[DeltaGliderIII/precis]] for an example. --[[User:RaMan|RaMan]] 01:05, 20 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
:: OK, I've done a very basic version. I'm not quite sure what I need to do to add it to the random addon system. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 02:55, 20 August 2006 (MSD)</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=OrbiterWiki:Random_add-on&diff=5707OrbiterWiki:Random add-on2006-08-19T22:55:56Z<p>Mark Grant: Added NASSP</p>
<hr />
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|{{:Ariane 5/precis}}<br />
|-<br />
|{{:DeltaGliderIII/precis}}<br />
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|{{:OMB/precis}}<br />
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|{{:NASSP/precis}}<br />
|}<br />
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<choose><br />
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<!--A list of all addons with precis (to ensure they appear at least occasionally)--><br />
<option>{{:DeltaGliderIII/precis}}</option><br />
<option>{{:Ariane 5/precis}}</option><br />
<option>{{:OMB/precis}}</option><br />
<br />
<!--User:RaMan--><br />
<option>{{:DeltaGliderIII/precis}}</option><br />
<option>{{:Ariane 5/precis}}</option><br />
<br />
<!--User:Timwi--><br />
<option>{{:DeltaGliderIII/precis}}</option><br />
<option>{{:Ariane 5/precis}}</option><br />
<option>{{:OMB/precis}}</option><br />
<br />
</choose></div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Talk:Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5706Talk:Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-19T22:55:11Z<p>Mark Grant: /* NASSP 5 */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Naming==<br />
<br />
I'm not sure whether the main page should be NASSP with a redirect from 'Project Apollo for Orbiter', or the other way around. For the moment I've left this page as NASSP and added the redirect. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 06:20, 16 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
<br />
== Saturn 1B ==<br />
<br />
Text orginally said the Saturn 1B was used for Apollo 11. Changed it to read Apollo 7<br />
<br />
== NASSP 5 ==<br />
<br />
Done about as much as I can for the moment :). If anyone has relevant NASSP 5.x screenshots (e.g. Skylab), feel free to add them, I spent a while playing with config files and scenario files but couldn't get it to work on Orbiter 2006. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 18:01, 19 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
:Great job! Would you also like to create a [[NASSP/precis]] and add it to [[OrbiterWiki:Random addon]] so that it can be displayed on the main page? See [[DeltaGliderIII/precis]] for an example. --[[User:RaMan|RaMan]] 01:05, 20 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
:: OK, I've done a very basic version. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 02:55, 20 August 2006 (MSD)</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter/precis&diff=5704Project Apollo for Orbiter/precis2006-08-19T22:54:45Z<p>Mark Grant: Basic page</p>
<hr />
<div><div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"><br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|none|100px|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth Orbit]]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
'''NASSP''' (aka 'Project Apollo for Orbiter') simulates the Apollo missions to Earth orbit and the Moon, and is slowly expanding to simulate planned post-Apollo missions that never flew. The latest beta version features a near-full implementation of the control panels in the Command Module and Lunar Module, and an increasingly accurate simulation of the internal systems (e.g. electrical distribution, fuel cells). Also in the latest beta is support for the Virtual AGC software, which allows you to run precisely the same on-board guidance software as used by the real Apollo Guidance Computer. '''[[NASSP|(More...)]]'''</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=DeltaGliderIII/precis&diff=5703DeltaGliderIII/precis2006-08-19T22:50:46Z<p>Mark Grant: Somehow I don't think that image is 'Soviet sappers erecting a bridge across northern Dnieper' :)</p>
<hr />
<div><div style="float:left;margin-right:0.9em"><br />
[[Image:DeltaGliderIII-Scrshot1.jpg|none|100px|Delta Glider III]]<br />
</div><br />
'''DeltaGliderIII''' is a light space vessel capable of long-distance flights. It features highly realistic and fully functional cockpit instruments, which include not only flight instruments but also controls for the life support system, electric system, fuel system. DeltaGliderIII contains a live crew who can die if the cabin pressure, temperature or CO<sub>2</sub> levels are unacceptable. Unlike most vessels in Orbiter, DeltaGliderIII can develop faults in response to overloads such as extreme [[G-force]] or reentry temperature, which limit vessel's functionality. The crew of DeltaGliderIII is able to perform [[EVA|Extra-Vehicular Activity]]: they can go into open space inside a space suit with primitive engines and instruments. '''[[DeltaGliderIII|(More...)]]'''</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5700Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-19T14:03:38Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Early NASSP */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
Versions prior to 3.0 seem to be unavailable on the web. If anyone has a copy and can update this and/or add screenshots, please do so, or at least let us know what the differences are.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B, -C and Nova designs, possibly including the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches, or the single launch putting the entire CSM onto the Moon using the massive [http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/saturnc8.htm Saturn C-8] booster.<br />
<br />
For more information see, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Saturn-C family] and [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/nova.htm Nova family] at Astronautix.com.<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added. NASSP 5.x screenshots are currently missing as it won't run as released under Orbiter 2006.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5699Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-19T14:02:44Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Comparative screenshots */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B, -C and Nova designs, possibly including the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches, or the single launch putting the entire CSM onto the Moon using the massive [http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/saturnc8.htm Saturn C-8] booster.<br />
<br />
For more information see, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Saturn-C family] and [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/nova.htm Nova family] at Astronautix.com.<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added. NASSP 5.x screenshots are currently missing as it won't run as released under Orbiter 2006.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Talk:Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5698Talk:Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-19T14:01:45Z<p>Mark Grant: NASSP 5</p>
<hr />
<div>==Naming==<br />
<br />
I'm not sure whether the main page should be NASSP with a redirect from 'Project Apollo for Orbiter', or the other way around. For the moment I've left this page as NASSP and added the redirect. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 06:20, 16 August 2006 (MSD)<br />
<br />
== Saturn 1B ==<br />
<br />
Text orginally said the Saturn 1B was used for Apollo 11. Changed it to read Apollo 7<br />
<br />
== NASSP 5 ==<br />
<br />
Done about as much as I can for the moment :). If anyone has relevant NASSP 5.x screenshots (e.g. Skylab), feel free to add them, I spent a while playing with config files and scenario files but couldn't get it to work on Orbiter 2006. [[User:Mark Grant|Mark Grant]] 18:01, 19 August 2006 (MSD)</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5682Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-18T17:08:26Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Original Saturn plans */ - nova link</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B, -C and Nova designs, possibly including the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches, or the single launch putting the entire CSM onto the Moon using the massive [http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/saturnc8.htm Saturn C-8] booster.<br />
<br />
For more information see, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Saturn-C family] and [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/nova.htm Nova family] at Astronautix.com.<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5681Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-18T17:06:19Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Original Saturn plans */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B, -C and Nova designs, possibly including the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches, or the single launch putting the entire CSM onto the Moon using the massive [http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/saturnc8.htm Saturn C-8] booster.<br />
<br />
For more information see, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Astronautix.com].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5680Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-18T16:48:27Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Original Saturn plans */ - Saturn C-8.</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B, -C and Nova designs, possibly including the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches. The [http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/saturnc8.htm Saturn C-8] looks particularly impressive.<br />
<br />
For more information see, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Astronautix.com].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5679Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-18T14:54:39Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Original Saturn plans */ - Nova</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B, -C and Nova designs, possibly including the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches. See, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Astronautix.com].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5678Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-18T14:49:37Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Future spacecraft */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Original Saturn plans===<br />
<br />
The original Saturn-A, -B and -C designs, possibly the earlier lunar landing plans based on multiple launches. See, for example, [http://www.astronautix.com/lvfam/saturnc.htm Astronautix.com].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5676Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-18T00:17:51Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Command/Service Module */ - typos</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidance Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely re-enter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versatile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has received a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5675Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-18T00:10:24Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Background */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps with new ones from P64, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5674Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-18T00:05:47Z<p>Mark Grant: /* NASSP 7 (beta) */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Realist simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
* Service Module breaks up on re-entry, based on re-entry heating.<br />
* Apollo 13 oxygen venting simulation.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5673Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-18T00:04:06Z<p>Mark Grant: /* NASSP 3.x */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=File:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg&diff=5672File:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg2006-08-18T00:01:10Z<p>Mark Grant: </p>
<hr />
<div>NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon at Fra Mauro, following a pin-point landing by the new LEM autopilot.</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=File:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg&diff=5671File:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg2006-08-17T23:59:50Z<p>Mark Grant: </p>
<hr />
<div>NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover on the Moon with the new Virtual Cockpit. Note several working instruments on the panel (e.g. speedometer, distance, bearing).</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5670Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T23:57:51Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Lunar Rover */ - expanded LRV and added image.</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg|thumb|right|Driving the NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover]]<br />
<br />
The Lunar Rover was a battery-driven electrically-powered vehicle used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface. While hardly a Ferrari, it allowed the astronauts to travel longer distances much faster than they could on foot.<br />
<br />
The LRV was folded up in the side of the LEM during the flight, and removed and assembled by the astronauts after landing on the lunar surface. When the lunar exploration was complete, the LRV camera was also used to film the launch of the LEM Ascent Stage carrying the astronauts back to the CSM (though this isn't currently simulated in NASSP).<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV has been overhauled with the inclusion of a VC mesh and several working instruments. New animations and more realistic hardware simulation (e.g. power usage for the batteries) are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=File:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg&diff=5669File:NASSP7LRVOnMoon.jpg2006-08-17T23:54:18Z<p>Mark Grant: NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover on the Moon with the new Virtual Cockpit.</p>
<hr />
<div>NASSP 7.0 Lunar Rover on the Moon with the new Virtual Cockpit.</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5668Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T23:32:51Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Lunar Module */ - LEM image.</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon]]<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=File:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg&diff=5667File:NASSP7LEMOnMoonSmall.jpg2006-08-17T23:32:02Z<p>Mark Grant: NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon at Fra Mauro.</p>
<hr />
<div>NASSP 7.0 LEM on the Moon at Fra Mauro.</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5654Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T19:49:25Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Command/Service Module */ - added CSM image.</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit]]<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=File:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg&diff=5653File:NASSP7CSMInOrbitSmall.jpg2006-08-17T19:48:26Z<p>Mark Grant: NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit.</p>
<hr />
<div>NASSP 7.0 CSM in Earth orbit.</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5650Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T18:50:03Z<p>Mark Grant: /* NASSP 7 (beta) */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
* Partial Apollo 5 (unmanned LEM test) support.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5649Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T18:42:38Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Comparative screenshots */ - few more NASSP7 screenshots</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-staging2.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SIC/SII staging''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=File:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg&diff=5647File:NASSP7-Apollo5LaunchSmall.jpg2006-08-17T18:41:38Z<p>Mark Grant: NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch (unmanned orbital LEM test).</p>
<hr />
<div>NASSP 7.0 Apollo 5 launch (unmanned orbital LEM test).</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=File:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg&diff=5645File:NASSP7-CSMDockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg2006-08-17T18:31:38Z<p>Mark Grant: NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM in SIVB.</p>
<hr />
<div>NASSP 7.0 CSM docked with LEM in SIVB.</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=File:NASSP7-staging2.jpg&diff=5644File:NASSP7-staging2.jpg2006-08-17T18:24:38Z<p>Mark Grant: SIC/SII staging seen from the SIC stage in NASSP 7.0.</p>
<hr />
<div>SIC/SII staging seen from the SIC stage in NASSP 7.0.</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=AMSO&diff=5635AMSO2006-08-17T14:15:29Z<p>Mark Grant: Added 'see also' to other Apollo add-ons</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Addon|<br />
1=[http://www.acsoft.ch/AMSO/amso.html ACSofts AMSO homepage]|<br />
2=Alain Capt<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The AMSO addon demonstrates the flight to the [[Moon]] and back like in [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
The [[EVA]] can be performed on the moon.<br />
Some snapshots:<br />
<br />
<br />
http://img96.imageshack.us/img96/937/lento032sw.th.gif<br />
http://img139.imageshack.us/img139/8185/lento068nr.th.gif<br />
http://img92.imageshack.us/img92/7282/lento100ut.th.gif<br />
http://img99.imageshack.us/img99/748/lento175ld.th.gif<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[NASSP]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons|Amso]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons|Amso]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons|Amso]]<br />
{{Stub}}</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Apollo&diff=5634Apollo2006-08-17T14:14:09Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Addons */ - added AMSO, removed ASTP since there's nothing there and it's part of NASSP</p>
<hr />
<div>'''Apollo''' was [[NASA|NASA's]] third manned space program. The '''Apollo''' CSM spacecraft was capable of transporting three [[astronauts]]. <br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
'''Apollo''' was desinged and initially used in american efforts to send a man to The [[Moon]]. After several [[boilerplate]] designs were flowen on [[Saturn 1]] rockets, the first '''Apollo''' spacecraft was scheduled to fly in February [[1967]], flowen by Virgil Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee, however on the 17th January, the spacecraft caught fire on the launch pad, killing the astronauts.<br />
The first manned flight was [[Apollo 7]], launched in [[1968]], on a [[Saturn 1b]] rocket. This was followed by [[Apollo 8]], which became the first manned spacecraft to orbit The Moon, in December 1968. [[Apollo 9]] tested the Lunar Module, and [[Apollo 10]] was a "dress rehersal" for the manned landing. This landing was [[Apollo 11]], and on [[July 20th]] [[1969]], Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the Moon.<br />
<br />
This was followed by another five successful landings, from six attempts. The failure was [[Apollo 13]], which was forced to abort after an oxygen tank in the service module exploded whilst in flight, crippling the spacecraft. The crew made a [[free return trajectory]] around The Moon, and safely returned to [[Earth]], having used ''Aquarius'', the Lunar Module, as a lifeboat.<br />
The final three missions carried a Lunar Rover, to allow the astronauts to cover more ground. All missions to The Moon, plus [[Apollo 9]], were launched by the largest manned launch vehicle ever built, the [[Saturn V]].<br />
<br />
After the last Moon landing, [[Apollo 17]], surplus equiptment was used for two more projects. The first, [[Skylab]], was America's first, and to date only, space station. It was made from the [[S-IVb|second stage]] of a Saturn 1b rocket, (commonly confused for the third stage of a Saturn V, as the two were identical) which was placed into earth orbit by the last Saturn V in [[1973]]. Over the next two years, three crews flew Apollo spacecraft to the station, and despite serious malfunctions with the station, caused by the forces involved at launch, and an [[RCS]] malfunction on the second manned flight, these were sucessful. Despite attempts to reboost it for future use by the [[Space Shuttle]], Skylab re-entered Earth's atmosphere and burned up in [[1979]]. The other project was the ASTP, or [[Apollo-Soyuz test project]], which involved the [[rendezvous]] and [[docking]] of an Apollo CSM with a soviet [[Soyuz]] spacecraft, in orbit. It was the last flight of '''Apollo''', and it is considered to have demonstrated that the Soyuz - which is still in use today - was inferior to the '''Apollo'''.<br />
<br />
The '''Apollo''' spacecraft was made up of three modules, the command module, or CM, housed the astronauts, the service module (SM) contained life support systems, and the engine that would take the spacecraft in and out of Lunar Orbit. Collectively, these two modules were known as the CSM. All missions except Apollos 7, 8, ASTP, and Skylab, carried a Lunar Module, or LM as well. This was a two-man lander, designed to transport the astronauts to the Moon's surface, and bring them back again. As mentioned above, on Apollo 13, the LM was used as a lifeboat, after the faliure of the CSM.<br />
<br />
== Addons ==<br />
<br />
*[[AMSO]]<br />
*[[NASSP]]<br />
*[[Saturn V|CVEL Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:historic spacecraft]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Saturn_V_(CCCP_Fleet)&diff=5633Saturn V (CCCP Fleet)2006-08-17T14:13:03Z<p>Mark Grant: Added 'see also' and wikified links.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Addon|<br />
1=[http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=58685&package_id=124522 Saturn V variants at [[CCCP Fleet]]]|<br />
2=Dave Rowbotham<br />
}}<br />
<br />
Using Thomas Ruth's excellent free Saturn V meshes, this [[CVEL|CVE-lite compatible]] series of Saturn V variants allows the user to explore some of the suggested options for the Saturn fleet before it was abandoned for the Shuttle.<br />
<br />
Unfortunately there's no Lunar Module available in this package, but with a fully configurable payload thanks to [[GPDS]], you have freedom to launch whatever you like behind the CSM.<br />
<br />
==See Also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[NASSP]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturn_V Saturn V at Wikipedia]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[Category:CVELVessels]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]<br />
<br />
{{LV-Stub}}</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5632Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T14:11:34Z<p>Mark Grant: Added 'see also'</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[AMSO]]<br />
* [[Saturn V]]<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5631Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T13:23:34Z<p>Mark Grant: /* NASSP 6.x */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* New control panel.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5630Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T13:23:07Z<p>Mark Grant: /* NASSP 6.x */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
* More realistic Command Module aerodynamics.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5629Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T12:55:19Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Supported Spacecraft */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft. Most are historical spacecraft used in the Apollo program, but some are proposed post-Apollo designs which never flew in the real world.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5628Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T12:06:27Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Saturn INT-20 */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages. A three-engine version with a lower payload was also studied, but isn't simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5627Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T12:03:20Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Future spacecraft */ - added a few more</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was that it could provide a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Motorbike===<br />
<br />
Tentatively planned for Apollo 20. See [http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/misc/apmisc-S69-41519.jpg NASA image].<br />
<br />
===Project Able LEM===<br />
<br />
A plan to use a mirror in space to light up parts of the Vietnam jungle at night. A modified LEM with a huge flexible mirror attached would be launched into space where the mirror would unfold.<br />
<br />
A similar plan proposed using a modified LEM to fly to Soviet satellites and spray paint over their censors: effectively the first space vandals.<br />
<br />
===Project Icarus===<br />
<br />
Proposal to divert or destroy an incoming asteroid by launching 100 Megaton nuclear bombs on Saturn Vs.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn S-ID stage===<br />
<br />
A modified S1C stage which dropped the outer four engines in a similar manner to the Altas dropping two of its engines during launch. As well as multi-stage launchers with greater payloads, it could carry 50,000 pounds to low orbit itself with no second stage.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5626Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T11:55:30Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Saturn V-24 */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was that it could provide a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with stretched stages, new toriodal aerospike engines on the upper stages, uprated F-1 engines on the first stage, and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Granthttps://www.orbiterwiki.org/index.php?title=Project_Apollo_for_Orbiter&diff=5625Project Apollo for Orbiter2006-08-17T11:52:59Z<p>Mark Grant: /* Future spacecraft */</p>
<hr />
<div>'''NASA's Apollo Space Simulation Project''' is an [[Addon]] for Orbiter which recreates the [[Apollo]] missions.<br />
<br />
==Background==<br />
<br />
NASSP was originally developed by Jean-Luc Rocca-Serra, who released the source code to version 4.x. Mark Grant then rewrote the code as C++, added an initial C++ implementation of the Apollo Guidance Computer and replaced the control panel bitmaps, releasing 'NASSP COSTAM' and a derivative which provided basic support for the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
Jean-Luc released NASSP 5.0, an updated version based on that source code, for the next release of Orbiter, including, for example, new particle exhaust support and a Skylab launch module.<br />
<br />
With the 6.x release it became ''Project Apollo for Orbiter'', an open source Apollo simulation add-on: for simplicity, both software variants are described here as NASSP. The latest 'stable' version is 6.4.3.<br />
<br />
The 7.0 release is currently in Beta, including a near-complete simulation of the Command Module control panel and most of the internal systems, and support for new spacecraft. It is also capable of flying most of an Apollo mission using the Virtual AGC software.<br />
<br />
==Features==<br />
<br />
As there is no definitive list of functionality changes between NASSP versions, many of these changes have been deduced from release documentation and test-flying of versions which are still available for download.<br />
<br />
====Early NASSP====<br />
<br />
List To Be Compiled...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 3.x====<br />
<br />
* Saturn 1b and ASTP support.<br />
* Rewritten to use Orbiter docking support.<br />
<br />
As a side-note, NASSP 3.0 still runs under Orbiter 2006, with no modifications required.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 4.x====<br />
<br />
* Control Panel for both Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* LEM Panel available.<br />
* Engine Gimbal control for all rocket stages, Service module and LEM.<br />
* Totally rewritten Autopilot (a semi auto mode is available for engine control only).<br />
* New Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Optional high-res Saturn V and Saturn 1b meshes.<br />
* Docking system enhancement etc...<br />
<br />
====NASSP 5.x====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP5-ControlPanelSmall.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 5.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* New CSM and LEM meshes. Only high-res meshes supported for the Saturn 1b and Saturn V.<br />
* New control panels with illumination support from P64.<br />
* Skylab.<br />
* Exhaust particle streams.<br />
* New exhaust textures.<br />
* C++ AGC implementation for launch and TLI.<br />
* Rewritten in C++, to eliminate bugs and crashes due to global variable use.<br />
* Revised launch autopilot for increased accuracy.<br />
* Same functionality level for Saturn V and Saturn 1b.<br />
* NASSP-specific solar system configuration.<br />
<br />
NASSP 5.x does not currently run under Orbiter 2006 as its Solar System files are incompatible with the new Orbiter format. It could probably be made to run with some changes to the config files.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 6.x====<br />
<br />
* Rebuilt for 2005 Orbiter release.<br />
* Basic virtual cockpit view.<br />
* Initial support for unmanned Saturn test flights.<br />
* More SIVB payloads.<br />
* Basic LEM ascent autopilot.<br />
* Improved AGC emulation.<br />
* Improved Saturn 1b autopilot.<br />
<br />
====NASSP 7 (beta)====<br />
<br />
[[Image:NASSP-panel.jpg|thumb|right|NASSP 7.0 control panel]]<br />
<br />
* Fully functional 2D Panel Support throughout the CM.<br />
* 3D Virtual Cockpit (nonfunctional at the moment)<br />
* Full Realism Simulation of most major spacecraft systems.<br />
* Historically accurate checklists.<br />
* NEW CM, SM, and KSC meshes (VAB,LUT,LC34/37/39,MSS,MLP,Crawler etc.)<br />
* Integrated VirtualAGC.<br />
* Full launch and landing autopilot for the LEM, and enhanced autopilot for the Saturns and CSM.<br />
* Meshland integration.<br />
* Engineering camera views during launch.<br />
* Realism settings to accomodate orbinauts from 9 to 92!<br />
* Support for low-res Saturn 1b and Saturn V meshes as well as high-res.<br />
<br />
...and MORE!<br />
<br />
==Supported Spacecraft==<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 supports a number of spacecraft.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
NASSP simulates the Block II Command/Service Module, providing a home and life support for the astronauts in space.<br />
<br />
The CM was the nerve center of the Apollo spacecraft, as it functioned as primary control and navigation platform during the missions. It housed the highly-advanced (for the 1960s) Apollo Guidence Computer, as well as all the systems the astronauts would need to safely reenter earth's atmosphere.<br />
<br />
The Service Module contained the systems that were vital for the extended stay of up to 10 days in space. This included fuel cells to privide power and water, as well as radiators to keep the internal systems cool. Also housed in the service module were the primary propulsion systems, including the RCS maneuverability thrusters and the SPS, used for major course corrections. In later Apollo lunar missions, this versitile component contained a SIM Bay for additional scientific study of the lunar surface the space surrounding our nearest celestial neighbor.<br />
<br />
As the core of the Apollo hardware, the CSM is a high priority for NASSP development. It has recieved a complete and ongoing overhaul for NASSP 7.0, complete with new graphics, meshes and systems simulations.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Module===<br />
<br />
The Lunar Module was a two-stage lander used to land astronauts on the Moon and return them to orbit.<br />
<br />
The lower Descent Stage carried the large Descent Engine, fuel for the landing, and batteries and supplies required for the stay on the Moon. It also carried a limited amount of cargo, including, on the later flights, the Lunar Rover. It's final role was to act as a launch pad for the Ascent Stage when the lunar landing phase was complete and they flew back to dock with the CSM in orbit.<br />
<br />
The upper Ascent Stage provided living quarters for the crew while on the Moon, controls for the landing and ascent, and the smaller Ascent Engine and fuel to carry them into orbit. The Ascent Stage could dock with the CSM itself, but in normal circumstances the docking was flown by the more maneuvrable CSM.<br />
<br />
Whereas the CSM was the brain and body, the LM was the heart of the Apollo Program. A high priority has been placed on the development of the LM for NASSP. It is currently in line for new graphics and meshes. Work is already underway on its internal systems.<br />
<br />
===Lunar Rover===<br />
<br />
Electrically-powered rover used by the astronauts to drive around the lunar surface.<br />
<br />
NASSP's LRV recently got an overhaul with the inclusion of a VC mesh and new animations are on the drawing board.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V===<br />
<br />
Three-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module and Lunar Module towards the Moon. This was used to launch Apollo's 8 through 17. It is arguably the most powerful rocket ever flown into space.<br />
<br />
The Saturn V in NASSP is a highly detailed and increasingly more realistic machine. Current development is minimal, as it has already reached a high level of detail and accuracy.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch a Command/Service Module into Earth orbit. This was used for Apollo 7, the Skylab flights, and the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project flight. Recent studies have shown that the Saturn 1b may have been one of the most cost-effective boosters in lbs per dollar.<br />
<br />
Like the Saturn V, NASSP's Saturn 1b is highly detailed and extremely accurate. As a result, it is not a high priority at this time.<br />
<br />
===ASTP Docking Module===<br />
<br />
Although rather limited as a spacecraft in its own right, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Program Docking Module allows an Apollo Command/Service Module to dock with a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in orbit, and transfer crew between them. The Docking Module is carried into orbit as cargo on a Saturn 1b, in the same way that the Lunar Module is carried as cargo on a Saturn V.<br />
<br />
Development on the Docking Module is currently stalled as work proceeds on higher-priority items, however it is open to further development and will more likely than not see it's share of upgrades.<br />
<br />
==='Apollo to Venus' Wet Workshop test===<br />
<br />
[[Image:Apollo-eyeballs-out.jpg|thumb|right|'Wet Workshop' test SIVB burn]]<br />
<br />
NASA's Manned Venus Flyby plans using Apollo technology would have used an SIVB stage to launch a three-man crew towards Venus, after which they would vent remaining fuel from the SIVB, extend solar panels and live in it as a Skylab-style space station. They would conduct generalised astronomical and zero-gravity experiments for most of their trip, and for a few days around the flyby they would conduct detailed observations of Venus.<br />
<br />
NASSP 7.0 includes a simulation of the first test phase, in which the astronauts would use the SIVB to raise their orbit for a test of the 'wet workshop' of up to one month in duration. Rather than solar panels, the test phase uses batteries in the SIVB stage to provide power to supplement the Service Module fuel cells and conserve consumables in the Service Module for the return to Earth.<br />
<br />
Although not a historically real mission, this proposal from the Apollo Applications Program is an intriguing and exciting 'fictional' mission. NASSP is developing this capability both as a historical curiosity and as research/exploration into the feasibility of such a concept.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-20===<br />
<br />
[[Image:INT-20-first-stage.jpg|thumb|right|Saturn INT-20]]<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used in a similar manner to the Saturn 1b to launch a Command/Service Module and larger payload into Earth orbit: essentially a cut-down Saturn V with no second stage, mounting an SIVB stage directly on top of the S1C first stage. The S1C also had one engine removed, as the five-engine stage produced too much thrust and would have caused problems with excessive dynamic pressure during launch.<br />
<br />
The primary benefit of the INT-20 was that it could provide a payload capacity about half-way between the Saturn 1b and Saturn V without the cost of creating a new launcher from scratch: the stages were close enough in design that they could be built on the same production line as the Saturn V stages.<br />
<br />
Another non-historic craft, the INT-20 showed much promise on the drawing board and NASSP hopes to bring such promise to life in the virtual world.<br />
<br />
==Future spacecraft==<br />
<br />
There are a number of candidates for future additions to the spacecraft simulated in NASSP.<br />
<br />
===Apollo to Venus===<br />
<br />
[[Image:VenusFlybyPhases.jpg|thumb|right|Phases of 'Apollo to Venus' flyby plans]]<br />
<br />
Phase B of the Apollo to Venus plan called for the addition of solar panels to the 'wet workshop' and the use of a Block III CSM so that the astronauts would fly the SIVB into a high altitude orbit for a year-long mission in preparation for an actual fly-by.<br />
<br />
Phase C of the Apollo to Venus plan would use an improved version of the 'wet workshop' SIVB with a Block-IV CSM to perform the actual Venus flyby.<br />
<br />
===Command/Service Module===<br />
<br />
Support may be added for the proposed Block-III CSM with batteries for power in place of fuel cells, and the Block-IV CSM with batteries for power and LEM engines in place of the SPS.<br />
<br />
In addition, the inclusion of a Block-I CSM in future versions has been discussed.<br />
<br />
===Long-Range Flyer/Lunar Escape System===<br />
<br />
[[Image:LESSLongRangeFlyer.jpg|thumb|right|Long Range Flyer]]<br />
<br />
Simple two-man rocket using fuel from the LEM. This could be used for scouting missions to sites up to around 50 miles from the main landing site, or, in an emergency, to carry two astronauts from the lunar surface to rendevouz with the CSM.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1===<br />
<br />
The Saturn 1 was the precursor to the Saturn 1b, using an SIV stage in place of the SIVB. The SIV was smaller, with a lower fuel capacity, and used multiple RL10 engines in place of the J2 engine on the SIVB.<br />
<br />
===Saturn 1b MLV===<br />
<br />
As part of NASA's cost-cutting plans, they studied a derivative of the Saturn 1b which would replace the S1B stage with a solid rocket similar in size to a shuttle SRB. In essence this was a 1960s version of NASA's new 'Stick' launcher for the CEV.<br />
<br />
===Saturn INT-21===<br />
<br />
Two-stage launcher used to launch large payloads into Earth orbit. This was used for the Skylab mission.<br />
<br />
===Saturn V-24===<br />
<br />
Saturn V with uprated F-1 engines and four strap-on boosters with two F-1 engines each. Capable of putting over 500,000 pounds of payload into low Earth orbit.<br />
<br />
===Skylab===<br />
<br />
The NASSP 5.x Skylab sources were lost, so a new version will be required once the INT-21 support is added.<br />
<br />
==Comparative screenshots==<br />
<br />
NASSP has changed significantly over the years, as models, textures and control panels were updated, historical accuracy was improved and new special effects were added.<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1"<br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-S1Blaunch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-SaturnVLaunchSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP3-DockedWithSIVBSmall.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x Saturn V Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 3.x CSM docked with LEM and SIVB''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEM.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-CSMLEMAtMoon.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP4-PostSplashdown.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x CSM and LEM orbit Moon''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 4.x crew post-splashdown''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-Apollo 11 launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP6-First stage sep.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:Eagle has landed 2.jpg|160px|center|NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Apollo 11 launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x Saturn V first stage seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 6.x lunar module on Moon''</center><br />
|-<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-Saturn 1B launch.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-TowerSEP.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation]]<br />
|[[Image:NASSP7-SMBreakup.jpg|center|160px|NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup]]<br />
|-<br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Saturn 1b Launch''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) Tower Seperation''</center><br />
|<center>''NASSP 7(beta) SM Breakup''</center><br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Historical documents==<br />
<br />
A number of historical documents have been used in NASSP development. A selection of the more important ones are:<br />
<br />
* ''[http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/a15/A15Delco.pdf Apollo 15 Delco manual for AGC]''<br />
* ''Apollo By The Numbers: A Statistical Reference.'' [http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00_Welcome.htm HTML] or [http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20010008244_2001006037.pdf PDF] <br />
*''[http://history.nasa.gov/afj/aohindex.htm Apollo Operations Handbook-Block II: Vol 1, 1969]''<br />
*''[http://www.astronautix.com/data/satvint.pdf Final Report - Studies of Improved Saturn V Vehicles and Intermediate Payload Vehicles]''<br />
* ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19790072165_1979072165.pdf Manned Venus Flyby study]'', Feb. 1, 1967<br />
* NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, ''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19740021163_1974021163.pdf Skylab Saturn IB Flight Manual]'', 30th September 1972<br />
*''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19750063889_1975063889.pdf Saturn V Flight Manual - SA-503]''<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<br />
* [http://nassp.sourceforge.net/ Main page at Sourceforce ]<br />
* [http://spacebarjoe.free.fr/ NASSP 4]<br />
:* [http://orbit.m6.net/v2/read.asp?id=7739 NASSP 4 release thread]<br />
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/apollo/index.html Virtual AGC]<br />
* [http://taoyue.com/explore/orbiter.html Landing on the Moon]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Addons]]<br />
[[Category:Vessel addons]]<br />
[[category:realistic addons]]</div>Mark Grant