Buran program

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The Buran (Russian: Бура́н, IPA: [bʊˈran], Snowstorm or Blizzard) program was a Soviet and later Russian reusable spacecraft project that began in 1974 and was formally suspended in 1993.

It was a response to the United States Space Shuttle program.

Development work included sending the BOR-5 on multiple sub-orbital test flights, and atmospheric flights of the OK-GLI. The Buran orbiter completed one unmanned orbital spaceflight in 1988.